Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached 'Issue #1231781' project
2. Open the 'SampleScene'
3. Enter Play mode
4. Click on the 'Click here!' button

Expected result: No errors are in the Console
Actual result: 'MissingReferenceException' is in the Console

Reproducible with: 2020.3.34f1, 2021.2.0b1, 2021.3.3f1
Not reproducible with: 2022.1.0a1, 2022.1.1f1, 2022.2.0a15
Could not test with: 2019.4.39f1 (errors after downgrading)

Reproducible on: macOS 11.6 (Intel)

Full error:
MissingReferenceException: The object of type 'TextMeshPro' has been destroyed but you are still trying to access it.
Your script should either check if it is null or you should not destroy the object.
UnityEngine.Component.GetComponent[T] () (at /Users/bokken/buildslave/unity/build/Runtime/Export/Scripting/Component.bindings.cs:42)
UnityEngine.UI.Graphic.get_canvasRenderer () (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ugui@1.0.0/Runtime/UI/Core/Graphic.cs:444)
UnityEngine.UI.GraphicRaycaster.Raycast (UnityEngine.Canvas canvas, UnityEngine.Camera eventCamera, UnityEngine.Vector2 pointerPosition, System.Collections.Generic.IList`1[T] foundGraphics, System.Collections.Generic.List`1[T] results) (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ugui@1.0.0/Runtime/UI/Core/GraphicRaycaster.cs:335)
UnityEngine.UI.GraphicRaycaster.Raycast (UnityEngine.EventSystems.PointerEventData eventData, System.Collections.Generic.List`1[T] resultAppendList) (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ugui@1.0.0/Runtime/UI/Core/GraphicRaycaster.cs:236)
UnityEngine.EventSystems.EventSystem.RaycastAll (UnityEngine.EventSystems.PointerEventData eventData, System.Collections.Generic.List`1[T] raycastResults) (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ugui@1.0.0/Runtime/EventSystem/EventSystem.cs:263)
UnityEngine.EventSystems.PointerInputModule.GetMousePointerEventData (System.Int32 id) (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ugui@1.0.0/Runtime/EventSystem/InputModules/PointerInputModule.cs:295)
UnityEngine.EventSystems.StandaloneInputModule.ProcessMouseEvent (System.Int32 id) (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ugui@1.0.0/Runtime/EventSystem/InputModules/StandaloneInputModule.cs:540)
UnityEngine.EventSystems.StandaloneInputModule.ProcessMouseEvent () (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ugui@1.0.0/Runtime/EventSystem/InputModules/StandaloneInputModule.cs:526)
UnityEngine.EventSystems.StandaloneInputModule.Process () (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ugui@1.0.0/Runtime/EventSystem/InputModules/StandaloneInputModule.cs:280)
UnityEngine.EventSystems.EventSystem.Update () (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ugui@1.0.0/Runtime/EventSystem/EventSystem.cs:501)