This issue reproduces only with new URP project (doesn't happen with new 3D, 2D URP, HDRP).
Reproduces on: all versions starting 2020.3
( checked on: 2020.3.32f1, 2022.1.0a15, 2022.2.0a3, 2022.2.0a9, 2022.2.0a10 with versions of VS package: com.unity.ide.visualstudio@2.0.14 and com.unity.ide.visualstudio@2.0.11 )

It might be VS package issue or URP template issue which cause this errors, but seems the source of the issue is somewhere in ADB or scripting code.

How can we reproduce
1 Create new URP project
2 Create new script and introduce a compilation error
3 Close Editor and reopen it
4 On opening select "Enter SafeMode" on a pop up
Expected result: no errors other than one compilation error
Actual result: when Editor is opened you will see two additional errors:

- "GetLoadedImportedAssetsAndArtifactIDs called with invalid artifactID
UnityEditor.AssetDatabase:Refresh ()
Microsoft.Unity.VisualStudio.Editor.VisualStudioEditor:SyncAll () (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ide.visualstudio@2.0.14/Editor/VisualStudioEditor.cs:176)
UnityEditor.CodeEditorProjectSync:SyncEditorProject ()"

- "Assertion failed on expression: 'it->second.IsValid()'
UnityEditor.AssetDatabase:Refresh ()
Microsoft.Unity.VisualStudio.Editor.VisualStudioEditor:SyncAll () (at Library/PackageCache/com.unity.ide.visualstudio@2.0.14/Editor/VisualStudioEditor.cs:176)
UnityEditor.CodeEditorProjectSync:SyncEditorProject ()"