Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached project
a) If testing on Windows, open the “IN-103987_Win” project
b) If testing on Mac, open the “IN-103987_OSX” project
2. While the Windows (or macOS, if testing on Mac) Build Profile is selected, navigate to Assets > Build Assetbundles. This will build a bundle targeting Windows (or macOS)
3. Open the “SampleScene” and Enter Play Mode
4. Observe the Game view and the “Expected result”
5. Switch the active Build Profile to Android
6. Manually delete the “Assets/StreamingAssets” folder
7. Navigate to Assets > Build Assetbundles
8. Enter Play Mode in the “SampleScene”
9. Observe the Game view and the “Actual result”

Expected result: Three shapes are rendered with the default material
Actual result: Three shapes are loaded but not rendered. In the hierarchy view the meshes can be observed as instantiated, but the Materials are invisible

Reproducible with: 2022.3.45f1, 2022.3.63f1, 6000.0.51f1, 6000.1.7f1, 6000.2.0b5
Not reproducible with: 2022.1.0a5, 2022.3.44f1

Reproducible environments: Windows 10 (by reporter), macOS 15.5
Not reproducible environments: No other environments tested

Notes:
- this report was sent by request for the problem discussed here: https://discussions.unity.com/t/assetbundles-containing-materials-do-not-build-correctly-for-other-platforms/1645556
- It appears that the active platform is being used to determine material/shader compilation rather than the build target