Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached “BugRepro” project
2. Click File > Build Settings…
3. Build and Run on a mobile device

Expected results: Player opens normally
Actual results: Player crashes

Reproduced with: 4.2.9 (2021.3.32f1), 5.1.0 (2022.1.0a16, 2022.3.13f1, 2023.1.20f1, 2023.2.1f1, 2023.3.0a15)
Can’t reproduce with: 2022.1.0a1, 2022.1.0a15 (can’t build project because project scripts are using code from newer AR packages)

Reproduced on:
VLNQA00294 - Oppo Reno Z 中国版 (PCDM10), Android 11, CPU: Mediatek MT6779 Helio P90, GPU: PowerVR Rogue GM9446
VLNQA00006 - Samsung Galaxy S7 (SM-G930F), Android 8.0.0, CPU: Exynos 8 Octa 8890, GPU: Mali-T880
VLNQA00500 - Google Pixel 7 (Pixel 7), CPU: Google Tensor G2, GPU: Mali-G710, OS: 14
VLNQA00409 - Galaxy Z Fold3 5G (SM-F926B), CPU: Snapdragon 888, GPU: Adreno 660, OS: 11
VLNQA00334 - Xiaomi Mi A3 (Mi A3), CPU: Snapdragon 665 SM6125, GPU: Adreno 610, OS: 11
iPhone 12 mini (iOS 14.1)

Reproduced with the testing environment: Ubuntu 23.10, Windows 10 Pro 21H2

Android symbolized crash stack trace:
#00 pc 00000000000dbc70 (libc.so not found) /apex/com.android.runtime/lib64/bionic/libc.so (pthread_mutex_lock+8) (BuildId: 554cb674fad07588ff08040bb89924c9)
#01 pc 000000000003184c (libUnityARCore.so not found) /data/app/~~h3eA1_iv6mdlQ1dBxRI4ww==/com.DefaultCompany.ARCore-8KywU-Y1JsjSQlrf7kcbFg==/lib/arm64/libUnityARCore.so (BuildId: 83b6f0fe05cc530bf86a4e2d41db14d2c721abda)
#02 pc 0000000001c0ddfc (ARCoreImageDatabase_GetReferenceImageCount_m28772B1CADB95B265D85FDF95EA30D9FC9E0609F at C:/Cases/IN-57416_ARCore/Library/Bee/artifacts/Android/il2cppOutput/cpp\Unity.XR.ARCore.cpp:12226) /data/app/~~h3eA1_iv6mdlQ1dBxRI4ww==/com.DefaultCompany.ARCore-8KywU-Y1JsjSQlrf7kcbFg==/lib/arm64/libil2cpp.so (BuildId: 830cfa2f0089fd08)
#03 pc 0000000001c0ce8c (VirtualFuncInvoker0<int>::Invoke(unsigned short, Il2CppObject*) at C:/Cases/IN-57416_ARCore/Library/Bee/artifacts/Android/il2cppOutput/cpp\Unity.XR.ARCore.cpp:25) /data/app/~~h3eA1_iv6mdlQ1dBxRI4ww==/com.DefaultCompany.ARCore-8KywU-Y1JsjSQlrf7kcbFg==/lib/arm64/libil2cpp.so (BuildId: 830cfa2f0089fd08)
#04 pc 0000000000e701d4 (il2cpp::vm::Runtime::InvokeWithThrow(MethodInfo const*, void*, void**) at C:/Program Files/Unity/Hub/Editor/2023.1.16f1/Editor/Data/il2cpp/libil2cpp/vm\Runtime.cpp:639) /data/app/~~h3eA1_iv6mdlQ1dBxRI4ww==/com.DefaultCompany.ARCore-8KywU-Y1JsjSQlrf7kcbFg==/lib/arm64/libil2cpp.so (BuildId: 830cfa2f0089fd08)
#05 pc 0000000000e70120 (il2cpp::vm::Runtime::Invoke(MethodInfo const*, void*, void**, Il2CppException**) at C:/Program Files/Unity/Hub/Editor/2023.1.16f1/Editor/Data/il2cpp/libil2cpp/vm\Runtime.cpp:625) /data/app/~~h3eA1_iv6mdlQ1dBxRI4ww==/com.DefaultCompany.ARCore-8KywU-Y1JsjSQlrf7kcbFg==/lib/arm64/libil2cpp.so (BuildId: 830cfa2f0089fd08)
#06 pc 0000000000e1d458 (il2cpp::gc::GarbageCollector::RunFinalizer(void*, void*) at C:/Program Files/Unity/Hub/Editor/2023.1.16f1/Editor/Data/il2cpp/libil2cpp/gc\GarbageCollector.cpp:198) /data/app/~~h3eA1_iv6mdlQ1dBxRI4ww==/com.DefaultCompany.ARCore-8KywU-Y1JsjSQlrf7kcbFg==/lib/arm64/libil2cpp.so (BuildId: 830cfa2f0089fd08)

iOS crash stack trace:
#0: 0x0000000105000000 UnityFramework
#1: 0x0000000105eeb658 UnityFramework`(anonymous namespace)::ARKitXRHumanBodyProvider::ARKitXRHumanBodyProvider() + 1164
#2: 0x0000000105eeb1bc UnityFramework`(anonymous namespace)::ARKitXRHumanBodyProvider::ARKitXRHumanBodyProvider() + 28
#3: 0x0000000105ee26d0 UnityFramework`void Singleton<(anonymous namespace)::ARKitXRHumanBodyProvider>::Construct<>() + 56
#4: 0x0000000105ee268c UnityFramework`UnityARKit_HumanBodyProvider_Construct + 48
#5: 0x00000001050a204c UnityFramework`il2cpp::vm::Runtime::InvokeWithThrow(MethodInfo const*, void*, void**) + 100
#6: 0x00000001050a1f88 UnityFramework`il2cpp::vm::Runtime::Invoke(MethodInfo const*, void*, void**, Il2CppException**) + 84

Note: development build does not crash