Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached “PROJECTFILE” project
2. Open the “Assets/Scripts/WeaponScript.cs” file with a code editor
3. Select all lines of code, uncomment them and save changes done to the “WeaponScript.cs” file

4. Focus on the Unity Editor screen and wait for the “Compiling Scripts” process to finish

Expected result: Scripts are compiled successfully
Actual result: Unity Editor crashes

Reproducible with: 2022.3.5f1
Not reproducible with: 2021.3.28f1, 2023.1.4f1, 2023.2.0a23

Reproducible on: macOS Ventura 13.4.1 (M1 Max)
Not reproducible on: Intel macOS 13.4, Windows 11

First few lines of the stack trace:
#0 0x000001011a4ba0 in core::pair<core::hash_set<UnityGUID, core::hash<UnityGUID>, std::{_}{{_}}1::equal_to<UnityGUID>>::node_iterator<UnityGUID>, bool, false> core::hash_set<UnityGUID, core::hash<UnityGUID>, std::\{_}_1::equal_to<UnityGUID>>::insert<UnityGUID const&>(UnityGUID const&)
#1 0x000001028dcdc0 in AssetNotifications::GetChangedAssets(core::hash_set<UnityGUID, core::hash<UnityGUID>, std::__1::equal_to<UnityGUID>>&) const
#2 0x0000010290a4dc in CategorizedAssetsContainer::GetChangedNotificationGUIDs(core::hash_set<UnityGUID, core::hash<UnityGUID>, std::__1::equal_to<UnityGUID>>&) const
#3 0x000001028ebff8 in RefreshInternalV2(AssetDatabase::UpdateAssetOptions, ScanFilter const&, InternalRefreshFlagsV2)
#4 0x000001028ca484 in StopAssetImportingV2Internal(AssetDatabase::UpdateAssetOptions, InternalRefreshFlagsV2, ScanFilter const*, char const*)
#5 0x000001028cc2b0 in RefreshV2(AssetDatabase::UpdateAssetOptions)

Note: Unity Editor also crashes when launching the project with the “WeaponScript.cs” script code not commented out and produces different stack frames