Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached project "test mesh move.zip";
2. Open the test.unity scene;
3. Select "a rock" game object and make sure that Mesh Collider is disabled;
4. Enter a play mode;
5. Enable the Mesh Collider and select "Drop Object on it";
6. Then select "Move it" to move the object and drop another object.

Expected: both times physics should work the same - falling object should hit the static object and then fall.
Actual: after moving object, its position is not updated and the object falls like there is no obstacle.

Reproduced on: 2017.2.0b9, 2017.3.0a6.
Not reproduced on: 2017.1.0p5, 5.6.3p2.
Regression firstly introduced: 2017.2.

Note: physics work if the Collider is enabled on start.

Issue is fixed on: 2017.3.0b6.