Reproduction steps:
1. Download, extract, and open the attached “repro-project“

Expected result: The project opens successfully
Actual result: The Editor freezes on project load (2023.1.13f1), the Editor crashes (2023.2.0b9, 2023.3.0a5)

Reproducible with: 2023.1.13f1, 2023.2.0b9, 2023.3.0a5
Not reproducible with: 2021.3.30f1, 2022.3.9f1, 2023.1.0a11
Regressed in: 2023.1.0a12

Reproduced on: Windows 10 Pro
Not reproducible on: No other environment tested

Note: As a workaround, you can open the project with Unity 2022.3 stream, close it, and open it with any desired version

First few lines of the stack traces:
0x00007FFCD0E4C75B (Unity) AssetResolver::UpdateAssetCachedInfo
0x00007FFCD0E40754 (Unity) AssetResolver::GetAssetCachedInfo
0x00007FFCD0E06B37 (Unity) AssetDatabasePropertyV2::FetchAssetMetaInfo
0x00007FFCD0E06A6F (Unity) AssetDatabasePropertyV2::DoNext_Internal
0x00007FFCD0E08500 (Unity) AssetDatabasePropertyV2::Next

0x00007FFCD1FE99BB (Unity) memcpy_repmovs
0x00007FFCD17370B4 (Unity) mdb_node_add
0x00007FFCD173754B (Unity) mdb_node_move
0x00007FFCD173BC39 (Unity) mdb_rebalance
0x00007FFCD1731AFC (Unity) mdb_cursor_del0

0x00007FFCCB4139B3 (Unity) <lambda_f839e470bd875e13474b9ccc55831053>::operator()
0x00007FFCCB3FD032 (Unity) ArtifactDBReadTxn::EnumerateArtifactsMetaInfo
0x00007FFCCB41441A (Unity) DeleteUnusedContentFilesHelper
0x00007FFCCB414CEC (Unity) GarbageCollectArtifacts
0x00007FFCCB3C427B (Unity) InitializeAssetDatabaseV2

0x00007FFCCB680D61 (Unity) MatchAssetInternal
0x00007FFCCB680C55 (Unity) MatchAsset
0x00007FFCCB6808EB (Unity) MatchAsset
0x00007FFCCB62AAB5 (Unity) AssetResolver::CalculateAssetStateInternal
0x00007FFCCB62A559 (Unity) AssetResolver::CalculateAssetState

0x00007FFCCBA1FB3E (Unity) IsArtifactStillRelevant
0x00007FFCCBA1F06C (Unity) FindArtifactsToRemove
0x00007FFCCBA1F54D (Unity) GarbageCollectArtifacts
0x00007FFCCB9D00DB (Unity) InitializeAssetDatabaseV2
0x00007FFCCB948F95 (Unity) AssetDatabase::InitializeAssetDatabase