Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached project ("UpdatedRepro")
2. Go to Project Settings -> Editor
3. Make sure that Asset Serialization Mode is set to "Mixed"
4. In the project Assets, select the "a123" Asset
5. If the Editor doesn't crash after step 4, "rename the asset to "a123a"
6. If the Editor still doesn't crash, rename the asset to "a123aa"

Expected result: The Asset gets renamed
Actual result: The Editor crashes

Reproducible with: 2022.2.0a5, 2023.1.0a5, 6000.0.36f1, 6000.1.0b4, 6000.2.0a1
Not reproducible with: 2022.3.57f1
Couldn't test with: 2022.2.0a4 (Unrelated crash on project open), 2023.1.0a1, 2023.1.0a4

Reproducible on: Windows 10 (User), macOS 15.1.1 (Intel)
Not reproducible on: No other environment tested

Stacktrace:
#0 0x00000102f220c8 in TypeTreeIterator::Children() const
#1 0x00000102f5bced in TypeTreeQueries::HasManagedReferences(TypeTree const&)
#2 0x00000104129cd0 in ResizeArrayGeneric(TypeTreeIterator const&, core::vector<unsigned char, core::allocator<unsigned char, 0ul>>&, int, int, bool, SerializedManagedReferencesIndex, TypeTree const)
#3 0x00000104129bb3 in SetStringValue(TypeTreeIterator const&, core::vector<unsigned char, core::allocator<unsigned char, 0ul>>&, int, core::basic_string<char, core::StringStorageDefault<char>> const&, SerializedManagedReferencesIndex, TypeTree const)
#4 0x000001045d896f in PatchNameInBinaryObjectData(core::basic_string_ref<char>, SerializedFile::ObjectData&)

Note:
Using the "UpdatedRepro" project, the issue reproduces all the way down to 2023.1.0a5. It also freezes on 2023.1.0a1-a4 when trying to rename the asset