Steps to reproduce:

1) Download attached project and open in Unity
2) Build and run project on a device
3) Press on 'C# sript' button
4) Change 'Clip lenght' to ~ 5sec
5) Press on 'Start Rec' button
6) Record a sound
7) Press on 'Play aClip' button
Observe the distorted output

Expected result: Microphone should record a sound without major distortion
Actual result: Recorded audio is distorted

Reproduced with:
5.5.4p5, 5.6.3p4, 2017.1.1p3, 2017.2.0f1, 2017.3.0b1

Devices under testing:
Reproduced with:
(5052)Asus K011, OS:4.4.2, CPU:x86, GPU:Intel/BayTrail, Build:asus/WW_K011/K011:4.4.2/KOT49H/WW_user_3.1.23.191_20160107:user/release-keys

Not reproduced with:
Google Pixel, OS:8.0.0, CPU:arm64-v8a, GPU:Adreno (TM) 530, Build:google/sailfish/sailfish:7.1.2/NJH47D/4045516:user/release-keys
Samsung GT I9300 (Galaxy S3), OS:4.3, CPU:armeabi-v7a, GPU:Mali-400 MP, Build:samsung/m0xx/m0:4.3/JSS15J/I9300XXUGNG3:user/release-keys
Samsung SM T533, OS:5.1.1, CPU:armeabi-v7a, GPU:Adreno (TM) 306, Build:samsung/matissevewifixx/matissevewifi:5.1.1/LMY47X/T533XXS1BPL2:user/release-keys

Note: Recorded audio with an external app did not reproduced this behavior