Steps to reproduce:
1.Open attached Unity project
2.Select a couple of objects in Scene view
3.Move selected objects
4.Save scene
5.Exit Unity

Expected results:
Unity exits with no issues.
Actual results:
Unity crashes on exiting.

Reproduced in: 2017.2.0b3, 2017.1.0f1, 5.6.0f1
Didn't reproduce on: 5.6.2p2, 5.5.0f1

Note #1: Cannot always reproduce (reproduces more often on 2017 versions). Cannot reproduce again after crashing once. You have to use the unchanged scene files (Intro.unity, Intro.meta) from the attached project again.
Note #2: Same project on Mac crashes on EditorUserBuildSettings::GetActiveBuildTargetGroup() and Windows on MonoScript::BelongsToEditorCompatibleAssembly

Mac reproduction stack trace:
Receiving unhandled NULL exception
Obtained 70 stack frames.
#0 0x000001016de7f4 in EditorUserBuildSettings::GetActiveBuildTargetGroup() const
#1 0x00000100e6f104 in MonoScript::BelongsToEditorCompatibleAssembly()
#2 0x00000100e73299 in MonoScriptManager::FindRuntimeScript(ScriptingClassPtr)
#3 0x00000100e55574 in MonoBehaviour::CheckConsistency()
#4 0x00000100f1bbfa in AwakeFromLoadQueue::InvokePersistentManagerAwake(AwakeFromLoadQueue::Item*, unsigned int, AwakeFromLoadMode)
#5 0x00000100f29ba6 in PersistentManager::IntegrateAllThreadedObjects()
#6 0x00000100f2ab10 in PersistentManager::LoadAndIntegrateAllPreallocatedObjects()
#7 0x00000100f2944e in PersistentManager::ReadObject(int, AwakeFromLoadMode)
#8 0x000001003e3dbc in PPtr<MonoBehaviour>::operator MonoBehaviour*() const
#9 0x00000101d97ba1 in HasInvalidBehaviourPredicate::operator()(PPtr<MonoBehaviour> const&)
#10 0x00000100fe56c3 in PPtr<MonoBehaviour>* std::__find_if<PPtr<MonoBehaviour>*, HasInvalidBehaviourPredicate>(PPtr<MonoBehaviour>*, PPtr<MonoBehaviour>*, HasInvalidBehaviourPredicate, std::random_access_iterator_tag)
#11 0x00000100fc8c24 in AnimatorState::CheckConsistency()
#12 0x00000100f1bbfa in AwakeFromLoadQueue::InvokePersistentManagerAwake(AwakeFromLoadQueue::Item*, unsigned int, AwakeFromLoadMode)
#13 0x00000100f1b0d3 in AwakeFromLoadQueue::PersistentManagerAwakeFromLoad()
#14 0x00000100f29ba6 in PersistentManager::IntegrateAllThreadedObjects()
#15 0x00000100f2ab10 in PersistentManager::LoadAndIntegrateAllPreallocatedObjects()
#16 0x00000100f2944e in PersistentManager::ReadObject(int, AwakeFromLoadMode)
#17 0x00000100fb6ddc in PPtr<AnimatorState>::operator AnimatorState*() const
#18 0x00000100fe61ac in __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<ChildAnimatorState*, std::vector<ChildAnimatorState, std::allocator<ChildAnimatorState> > > std::__find_if<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<ChildAnimatorState*, std::vector<ChildAnimatorState, std::allocator<ChildAnimatorState> > >, HasNullStatePredicate>(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<ChildAnimatorState*, std::vector<ChildAnimatorState, std::allocator<ChildAnimatorState> > >, __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<ChildAnimatorState*, std::vector<ChildAnimatorState, std::allocator<ChildAnimatorState> > >, HasNullStatePredicate, std::random_access_iterator_tag)
#19 0x00000100fcb40e in AnimatorStateMachine::CheckConsistency()
#20 0x00000100f1bbfa in AwakeFromLoadQueue::InvokePersistentManagerAwake(AwakeFromLoadQueue::Item*, unsigned int, AwakeFromLoadMode)
#21 0x00000100f1b0d3 in AwakeFromLoadQueue::PersistentManagerAwakeFromLoad()
#22 0x00000100f29ba6 in PersistentManager::IntegrateAllThreadedObjects()
#23 0x00000100f2ab10 in PersistentManager::LoadAndIntegrateAllPreallocatedObjects()
#24 0x00000100f2944e in PersistentManager::ReadObject(int, AwakeFromLoadMode)
#25 0x00000100f9fcbc in PPtr<AnimatorStateMachine>::operator AnimatorStateMachine*() const
#26 0x0000010250a3bb in AnimatorStateMachine_Get_Custom_PropStateMachines(MonoObject*)
#27 0x0000010f76df92 in (wrapper managed-to-native) UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorStateMachine:get_stateMachines () + 0xf2 (0x10f76dea0 0x10f76dfc1) [0x127717660 - Unity Child Domain]
#28 0x0000010f76dade in UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorStateMachine:get_stateMachinesRecursive () + 0xde (0x10f76da00 0x10f76dd31) [0x127717660 - Unity Child Domain]
#29 0x0000010f76d880 in UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorStateMachine:HasStateMachine (UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorStateMachine) + 0xf0 (0x10f76d790 0x10f76d95f) [0x127717660 - Unity Child Domain]
#30 0x0000010f76cf3a in UnityEditor.Graphs.AnimatorControllerTool:ValidateBreadCrumbs () + 0x65a (0x10f76c8e0 0x10f76d5f5) [0x127717660 - Unity Child Domain]
#31 0x0000010f76c72b in UnityEditor.Graphs.AnimatorControllerTool:RebuildGraph (bool) + 0x7b (0x10f76c6b0 0x10f76c8b6) [0x127717660 - Unity Child Domain]
#32 0x0000010f76c485 in UnityEditor.Graphs.AnimatorControllerTool:OnInvalidateAnimatorController () + 0x1f5 (0x10f76c290 0x10f76c5c6) [0x127717660 - Unity Child Domain]
#33 0x0000013e0310ff in UnityEditor.Graphs.AnimatorControllerCallback:OnInvalidateAnimatorController (UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorController) + 0x14f (0x13e030fb0 0x13e031236) [0x127717660 - Unity Child Domain]
#34 0x0000013e03136d in (wrapper runtime-invoke) <Module>:runtime_invoke_void_object (object,intptr,intptr,intptr) + 0xfd (0x13e031270 0x13e0314a0) [0x127717660 - Unity Child Domain]
#35 0x0000013543b18a in mono_jit_runtime_invoke
#36 0x000001355662fa in mono_runtime_invoke
#37 0x00000100ea24ea in ScriptingInvocation::Invoke(ScriptingExceptionPtr*, bool)
#38 0x00000101d08a1d in AnimatorController::InvalidateAnimatorController(bool)
#39 0x0000010065fb36 in MessageHandler::HandleMessage(void*, unsigned int, MessageIdentifier const&, MessageData&)
#40 0x00000100b5adf1 in UserList::SendMessage(MessageIdentifier const&)
#41 0x00000101c82d38 in AnimationClip::MainThreadCleanup()
#42 0x00000100647e92 in delete_object_internal_step1(Object*)
#43 0x00000100646fbb in delete_object_internal(Object*)
#44 0x00000100aad9b6 in CleanupAllObjects()
#45 0x00000100aae06f in CleanupEngine()
#46 0x000001023f1868 in AssetInterface::Shutdown()
#47 0x000001017f3adb in Application::CoreShutdown()
#48 0x000001017f8f65 in Application::Terminate()
#49 0x0000010041a3be in -[EditorApplication applicationShouldTerminate:]
#50 0x007fff97426d0a in -[NSApplication _docController:shouldTerminate:]
#51 0x007fff97426bbc in __91-[NSDocumentController(NSInternal) _closeAllDocumentsWithDelegate:shouldTerminateSelector:]_block_invoke
#52 0x007fff974267db in -[NSDocumentController(NSInternal) _closeAllDocumentsWithDelegate:shouldTerminateSelector:]
#53 0x007fff9742628e in -[NSDocumentController(NSInternal) __closeAllDocumentsWithDelegate:shouldTerminateSelector:]
#54 0x007fff97425ee1 in -[NSApplication _shouldTerminate]
#55 0x007fff97425580 in -[NSApplication terminate:]
#56 0x007fffae7f403d in _os_activity_initiate
#57 0x007fff979364e7 in -[NSApplication(NSResponder) sendAction:to:from:]
#58 0x007fff97474de2 in -[NSMenuItem _corePerformAction]
#59 0x007fff97474b4e in -[NSCarbonMenuImpl performActionWithHighlightingForItemAtIndex:]
#60 0x007fffae7f403d in _os_activity_initiate
#61 0x007fff97473962 in -[NSMenu performKeyEquivalent:]
#62 0x007fff979350c9 in routeKeyEquivalent
#63 0x007fff979334ad in -[NSApplication(NSEvent) sendEvent:]
#64 0x00000100439db5 in -[EditorApplicationPrincipalClass sendEvent:]
#65 0x007fff97219009 in -[NSApplication run]
#66 0x007fff971e3a8a in NSApplicationMain
#67 0x0000010043a267 in EditorMain(int, char const**)
#68 0x0000010043a6e9 in main
#69 0x007fffae5c2255 in start

Windows reproduction stack trace:
========== OUTPUTING STACK TRACE ==================

0x000000014115FBE2 (Unity) MonoScript::BelongsToEditorCompatibleAssembly
0x000000014118305C (Unity) FindScriptByClass
0x000000014118310D (Unity) MonoScriptManager::FindRuntimeScript
0x0000000141179148 (Unity) CheckConsistencyRepairInvalidScriptInScene
0x000000014117932E (Unity) MonoBehaviour::CheckConsistency
0x00000001414281E0 (Unity) AwakeFromLoadQueue::InvokePersistentManagerAwake
0x0000000141430FF9 (Unity) AwakeFromLoadQueue::PersistentManagerAwakeFromLoad
0x00000001414311E6 (Unity) PersistentManager::IntegrateAllThreadedObjects
0x0000000141438F80 (Unity) PersistentManager::LoadAndIntegrateAllPreallocatedObjects
0x000000014143921E (Unity) PersistentManager::ReadObject
0x000000014001E737 (Unity) PPtr<MonoBehaviour>::operator MonoBehaviour * __ptr64
0x0000000140B5CA51 (Unity) HasInvalidBehaviourPredicate::operator()
0x00000001400AB3DD (Unity) std::remove_if<PPtr<MonoBehaviour> * __ptr64,HasInvalidBehaviourPredicate>
0x00000001400D922B (Unity) AnimatorState::CheckConsistency
0x00000001414281E0 (Unity) AwakeFromLoadQueue::InvokePersistentManagerAwake
0x0000000141430FF9 (Unity) AwakeFromLoadQueue::PersistentManagerAwakeFromLoad
0x00000001414311E6 (Unity) PersistentManager::IntegrateAllThreadedObjects
0x0000000141438F80 (Unity) PersistentManager::LoadAndIntegrateAllPreallocatedObjects
0x000000014143921E (Unity) PersistentManager::ReadObject
0x00000001400C14C7 (Unity) PPtr<AnimatorState>::operator AnimatorState * __ptr64
0x00000001400EB0C8 (Unity) AnimatorStateMachine::CheckConsistency
0x00000001414281E0 (Unity) AwakeFromLoadQueue::InvokePersistentManagerAwake
0x0000000141430FF9 (Unity) AwakeFromLoadQueue::PersistentManagerAwakeFromLoad
0x00000001414311E6 (Unity) PersistentManager::IntegrateAllThreadedObjects
0x0000000141438F80 (Unity) PersistentManager::LoadAndIntegrateAllPreallocatedObjects
0x000000014143921E (Unity) PersistentManager::ReadObject
0x00000001400C1E37 (Unity) PPtr<AnimatorStateMachine>::operator AnimatorStateMachine * __ptr64
0x00000001417E63B4 (Unity) AnimatorStateMachine_Get_Custom_PropStateMachines
0x0000000034BCB77D (Mono JIT Code) (wrapper managed-to-native) UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorStateMachine:get_stateMachines ()
0x0000000034BCB249 (Mono JIT Code) [C:\buildslave\unity\build\Editor\Mono\Animation\StateMachine.cs:252] UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorStateMachine:get_stateMachinesRecursive ()
0x0000000034BCB394 (Mono JIT Code) [C:\buildslave\unity\build\Editor\Mono\Animation\StateMachine.cs:256] UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorStateMachine:get_stateMachinesRecursive ()
0x0000000034BCB394 (Mono JIT Code) [C:\buildslave\unity\build\Editor\Mono\Animation\StateMachine.cs:256] UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorStateMachine:get_stateMachinesRecursive ()
0x0000000034BCAFBB (Mono JIT Code) [C:\buildslave\unity\build\Editor\Mono\Animation\StateMachine.cs:598] UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorStateMachine:HasStateMachine (UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorStateMachine)
0x0000000034BCA675 (Mono JIT Code) [C:\buildslave\unity\build\Editor\Graphs\UnityEditor.Graphs\Animation\AnimatorControllerTool.cs:483] UnityEditor.Graphs.AnimatorControllerTool:ValidateBreadCrumbs ()
0x0000000034BC9E57 (Mono JIT Code) [C:\buildslave\unity\build\Editor\Graphs\UnityEditor.Graphs\Animation\AnimatorControllerTool.cs:514] UnityEditor.Graphs.AnimatorControllerTool:RebuildGraph ()
0x0000000034BC9B6F (Mono JIT Code) [C:\buildslave\unity\build\Editor\Graphs\UnityEditor.Graphs\Animation\AnimatorControllerTool.cs:351] UnityEditor.Graphs.AnimatorControllerTool:OnInvalidateAnimatorController ()
0x000000001486E948 (Mono JIT Code) [C:\buildslave\unity\build\Editor\Graphs\UnityEditor.Graphs\Animation\AnimatorControllerTool.cs:17] UnityEditor.Graphs.AnimatorControllerCallback:OnInvalidateAnimatorController (UnityEditor.Animations.AnimatorController)
0x000000001486EBE5 (Mono JIT Code) (wrapper runtime-invoke) <Module>:runtime_invoke_void_object (object,intptr,intptr,intptr)
0x00007FFB5DA95B63 (mono) [c:\buildslave\mono\build\mono\mini\mini.c:4937] mono_jit_runtime_invoke
0x00007FFB5D9E872D (mono) [c:\buildslave\mono\build\mono\metadata\object.c:2623] mono_runtime_invoke
0x000000014140B375 (Unity) scripting_method_invoke
0x0000000141403561 (Unity) ScriptingInvocation::Invoke
0x0000000140B13FD0 (Unity) AnimatorController::InvalidateAnimatorController
0x0000000140BF0381 (Unity) MessageHandler::HandleMessage
0x0000000140BF0CF8 (Unity) SendMessageDirect
0x0000000141142D4C (Unity) UserList::SendMessageA
0x00000001411451CF (Unity) UserList::SendMessageA
0x0000000140A5DF5B (Unity) AnimationClip::MainThreadCleanup
0x0000000140BF6EB9 (Unity) delete_object_internal_step1
0x0000000140BF70B2 (Unity) delete_object_internal
0x000000014114EF70 (Unity) CleanupAllObjects
0x000000014114F423 (Unity) CleanupEngine
0x00000001408E2F16 (Unity) AssetInterface::Shutdown
0x0000000140149933 (Unity) Application::CoreShutdown
0x000000014014C7B9 (Unity) Application::Terminate
0x000000014002955C (Unity) ContainerWindow::ContainerWndProc
0x00007FFB93251C24 (USER32) CallWindowProcW
0x00007FFB9325125E (USER32) SendMessageW
0x00007FFB932583E5 (USER32) SendMessageA
0x0000000140030946 (Unity) ExecuteStandardMenuItem
0x00000001400310ED (Unity) ExecuteMenuItemWithID
0x0000000141A880EE (Unity) ProcessMainWindowMessages
0x00000001400299DD (Unity) ContainerWindow::ContainerWndProc
0x00007FFB93251C24 (USER32) CallWindowProcW
0x00007FFB9325156C (USER32) DispatchMessageW
0x0000000141A885BA (Unity) MainMessageLoop
0x0000000141A89FE7 (Unity) WinMain
0x0000000141CEC82C (Unity) __tmainCRTStartup
0x00007FFB93198364 (KERNEL32) BaseThreadInitThunk
0x00007FFB95C670D1 (ntdll) RtlUserThreadStart

========== END OF STACKTRACE ===========