Steps to reproduce:
1. Create a new project
2. Import any sprite
3. Set it's texture type to sprite
4. Create a new GameObject sprite in hierarchy
5. Select it
6. In the animation window, create a new animation
7. Try to drag the sprite into the animation window
8. See that it does not create a sprite renderer animation and console shows an error

Added video in last edit showing full process - https://fogbugz.unity3d.com/default.asp?ixAttachment=152318&pg=pgDownload&pgType=pgFile&sFilename=Case_832383.webm

Expected result: Sprite is added to animation normally and sprite renderer property is created
Actual result: Sprite renderer property is not created and a console error is outputted

This is however canceled once you create a Sprite renderer property manually, and is no longer present when creating new GameObject sprites - as shown in the video

Reproduced on 5.5.0b3 5.5.0b4 5.5.0b5
Not reproduced on 5.4.1p3
Bug first appears on 5.5.0b1