Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached project “ReproCrash”
2. In the Project window find and open “VectorImage.uxml”
3. In UI Builder Window resize “VectorImage.uxml” diagonally

Expected result: Vector image gets resized
Actual result: Editor crashes

Reproducible with: 2022.2.0b15, 2022.2.1f1, 2023.1.0a23
Not reproducible with: 2020.3.43f1, 2021.3.16f1, 2022.1.24f1, 2022.2.0b14

Reproducible on: Windows 10, macOS 13.0.1

Note: With some versions also crashes when opening the Game view window

First lines of stack trace:
0x00007ff7db206b9f (Unity) UIToolkit::VectorUtils::MakeVectorGraphicsStretchBackground
0x00007ff7db206802 (Unity) UIToolkit::MeshBuilder::MakeVectorGraphicsStretchBackground
0x00007ff7d9f34d90 (Unity) MeshBuilderNative_CUSTOM_MakeVectorGraphicsStretchBackground_Injected
0x000001d15bdb8dd7 (Mono JIT Code) (wrapper managed-to-native) UnityEngine.UIElements.MeshBuilderNative:MakeVectorGraphicsStretchBackground_Injected (UnityEngine.UIElements.Vertex[],uint16[],single,single,UnityEngine.Rect&,UnityEngine.Rect&,UnityEngine.ScaleMode,UnityEngine.Color&,UnityEngine.UIElements.MeshBuilderNative/NativeColorPage&,int,int&,int&,UnityEngine.UIElements.MeshWriteDataInterface&)
0x000001d15bdb8c2b (Mono JIT Code) UnityEngine.UIElements.MeshBuilderNative:MakeVectorGraphicsStretchBackground (UnityEngine.UIElements.Vertex[],uint16[],single,single,UnityEngine.Rect,UnityEngine.Rect,UnityEngine.ScaleMode,UnityEngine.Color,UnityEngine.UIElements.MeshBuilderNative/NativeColorPage,int,int&,int&)
0x000001d15bdb8533 (Mono JIT Code) UnityEngine.UIElements.UIR.Implementation.UIRStylePainter:MakeVectorGraphics (UnityEngine.UIElements.MeshGenerationContextUtils/RectangleParams,bool,UnityEngine.UIElements.TextureId,int,int&,int&)