Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached project "ReproProjectForParticledLit.zip"
2. Build and run the project with OpenGLES2 API on an Android device

Expected result: Cube is rendered and single pass is removed
Actual result: Cube is rendered in magenta as all passes are removed (See attached Results.png)

Reproducible with: URP 10.1.0 (2020.2.0b1)
Could not test with 2018.4, 2019.4, 2020.1 due to URP versions associated with those Unity versions do not have this line "exclude_renderers"

Reproduced with these devices:
OpenGLES 2:
N/A, Samsung Galaxy S10e (SM-G970F), Android 10, CPU: NOT FOUND, GPU: Mali-G76
N/A, Samsung Galaxy S9 (SM-G960F), Android 8.0.0, CPU: Exynos 9 Series 9810, GPU: Mali-G72
VLNQA00313, Huawei Y6 Ⅱ Compact (HUAWEI LYO-L01), Android 5.1, CPU: MediaTek MT6735, GPU: Mali-T720
N/A, Lge LG V50 ThinQ (LM-V500N), Android 10, CPU: Snapdragon 855 SM8150, GPU: Adreno (TM) 640
VLNQA00316, Samsung Galaxy Note10 (SM-N970F), Android 9, CPU: Exynos 9 Series 9825, GPU: Mali-G76

Does not reproduce with these devices:
OpenGLES 3:
N/A, Samsung Galaxy S10e (SM-G970F), Android 10, CPU: NOT FOUND, GPU: Mali-G76
N/A, Samsung Galaxy S9 (SM-G960F), Android 8.0.0, CPU: Exynos 9 Series 9810, GPU: Mali-G72
VLNQA00313, Huawei Y6 Ⅱ Compact (HUAWEI LYO-L01), Android 5.1, CPU: MediaTek MT6735, GPU: Mali-T720
N/A, Lge LG V50 ThinQ (LM-V500N), Android 10, CPU: Snapdragon 855 SM8150, GPU: Adreno (TM) 640
VLNQA00316, Samsung Galaxy Note10 (SM-N970F), Android 9, CPU: Exynos 9 Series 9825, GPU: Mali-G76
Vulkan:
N/A, Samsung Galaxy S10e (SM-G970F), Android 10, CPU: NOT FOUND, GPU: Mali-G76
N/A, Samsung Galaxy S9 (SM-G960F), Android 8.0.0, CPU: Exynos 9 Series 9810, GPU: Mali-G72
N/A, Lge LG V50 ThinQ (LM-V500N), Android 10, CPU: Snapdragon 855 SM8150, GPU: Adreno (TM) 640
VLNQA00316, Samsung Galaxy Note10 (SM-N970F), Android 9, CPU: Exynos 9 Series 9825, GPU: Mali-G76

Error from Android Logcat:
09-16 19:52:23.489 11762 11813 D Unity : Shader 'Universal Render Pipeline/Particles/Lit': fallback shader 'Universal Render Pipeline/Particles/SimpleLit' not found
09-16 19:52:23.489 11762 11813 D Unity : WARNING: Shader
09-16 19:52:23.489 11762 11813 D Unity : Unsupported: 'Universal Render Pipeline/Particles/Lit' - All subshaders removed
09-16 19:52:23.489 11762 11813 D Unity : WARNING: Shader

Notes:
- OpenGLES 3 and Vulkan are unaffected
- Notice that URP versions 8.1 and 8.2 don't have exclude renderers inside the shader so you will have to use 10.x (tested with master branch)
- Android logcat named "samsungs10e.txt" is attached